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How to create Universal applications with Azure Mobile Services that leverage push notifications and database insertion and data retrieval

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Overview

This lab will provide some key learnings for Azure Mobile Services:

  • How to create a universal project that is designed to share code between Windows store applications and Windows phone applications

  • How to implement push notifications that result in toast messages appearing on the device

  • How to work with databases to add tables, columns, and data.

  • How to add code to the Windows phone application enabling you to retrieve records and display them in a list view control.


Prerequisites

The following is required to complete this hands-on lab:

  • A Windows Azure subscription - sign up for a free trial

  • A Windows Phone Developer Account

  • Windows 8.1 and Visual Studio 2013 Update


Exercises

This hands-on lab includes the following exercises:

Estimated time to complete this lab: 90 minutes.

Exercise 1: Creating a universal project

In this exercise, you will provision the three Windows Azure Virtual Machines used throughout the lab. Specifically you will

Task 1 - Creating a Universal Application

A universal application allows you to share code between tablet and phone applications. Visual Studio solution contains three projects. One project is for Windows 8 desktop, noteboo, or tablet-based applications. The second project is for phone applications. the third project is the shared code base between the other two.

  1. You will create a new phone project. From the File menu, choose New / Project.

    image_a

    Creating new phone project

  2. From the template pane on the left, choose Universal apps as seen below. Next, choose the Hub App template, then provide a name for your project.

    image_b

    Creating and naming your project.


Task 2: Adding push notifications

This task was about adding push notification capabilities into the phone application. You will end up reserving a name for your phone application. You will also modify and/or create a mobile service hosted in the Microsoft data center that supports push notifications.

  1. Your project is now created. Your next step is to add push notification services. You will now ad support for push notifications. Right-mouse click on the phone project in solution explorer and choose ** Add / Push Notification **.

    image_c

    Adding push notification

  2. The wizard will inform you about what will take place: (1) A push notification channel URI will be created. This is a mechanism used by client apps to listen for and process push notifications; (2) The phone project will also be modified with code to process incoming push notifications; (3) Your mobile services account will be modified to support push notifications. We will create a new mobile service to support this application.

    image_d

    Understanding the changes that will be made

  3. You will need to sign into the Windows Phone Developer Portal. This step assumes you have an active Windows Phone developer phone account to use. If you don't have an Windows Phone Developer account, you can sign up here: http://www.windowsphone.com/account. You will now indicate a name for your phone application. This is the name that will appear in the Windows Phone store. It will need to be unique.

    image_e

    Reserving a phone application name

  4. You will now create a service, meaning that a new Azure Mobile Service will be created using your Windows Azure account. This means you are signed up to use Windows Azure already.

    image_f

    Creating a new Azure Mobile Service

  5. You will now provide a name for your Azure Mobile Service. You will also choose a Runtime, Region, Database, user name, and password. We will choose to Create a Billed SQL Database. Yours will be different from universal-push_notif. You can leave the default runtime of JavaScript , but you can choose your region.

    image_g

    Creating a mobile service

  6. Enter a Server user name.

    image_h

    Providing a user name

  7. You will now notice that your Azure Mobile Service has been created. Your name will be different.

    image_i

    Validing the newly minted Azure Mobile Service

  8. You will now validate the summary page. You can see that both your phone application name as well as the Azure mobile service have been created. You are also notified here that your project source code in Visual Studio will be modified.

    image_j

    Viewing the Visual Studio Wizard summary

  9. You can now see the completed project in Visual Studio.

    image_k

    Viewing the completed project in Visual Studio


Task 3: Testing push notifications

In task 3 you will verify that push notifications operate correctly. You will run the phone application in the emulator and verify the to see the text Sample Toast.

  1. Right mouse click on the phone project and choose "set as a startup project."

    image_n

    Setting the startup project

  2. From the toolbar run the application and the emulator

    image_l

    Starting the application and the emulator

  3. Now that the application you will be able to see the toast notifications appear

    image_m

    Viewing the push notification and the application

  4. The Sample Toast message will now appear.

    image_o

    Viewing the toast message

Exercise 2: Leveraging relational data in your application

In this exercise we will leverage SQL Server data in a phone application.

Task 1: Adding a table and inserting data

In this task we will add a table, insert a column, and then insert data.

  1. From the left pane, select mobile services. The service we previously created was called universal-push-notif. Drill into the service by clicking on the arrow.

    image_ex2_a

    Drilling into universal-push-notif

  2. You will now select data from the menu.

    image_ex2_b

    Selecting data from the menu

  3. You will add a table.

    image_ex2_c

    Adding a table

  4. Name the table ViewStatus.

    image_ex2_d

    naming the new table

  5. You can now verify the table has been created. The next few steps will involve adding a column and then inserting some data. Click on the arrow to drill into ViewStatus.

    image_ex2_e

    Drilling into the ViewStatus table

  6. Notice that the table comes with some default columns. Click columns, followed by on the add column selection at the bottom.

    image_ex2_f

    Adding a new column

  7. The new column name will be statustext. Leave the default the data type of string.

    image_ex2_g

    Naming the new column that you are adding

  8. You can now verify that the new column has been added. In the next couple of steps we will add data to this newly modified.

    image_ex2_h

    Verifying the table structure

  9. You will now navigate to a different part of the portal. On the left menu and choose SQL database. You should see the name of your database. Mine was called universal-push-notif. Yours will be different. Click on the arrow to drill into the details for this database.

    image_ex2_i

    Drilling the database to enable the insertion of data

  10. To be able to insert data you will need to manage the database. From the bottom menu select Manage.

    image_ex2_j

    Managing the database for data insertion

  11. You will need to confirm that your current IP address will be added to the list of existing firewall rules, enabling your current computer to connect to the database. The developer defines which IP addresses are allowed to reach the database.

    image_ex2_k

    Adding a new IP address to the firewall rules

  12. Notice that you can now build a new query. Select new query from the menu bar above.

    image_ex2_l

    Building a new query for data insertion

  13. You will now type in 4 sql insert statements as seen below. Notice that the database name has been replaced with underscores where there was dashes. Select Run from the top menu bar after typing in 4 insert statements.

    image_ex2_m

    Typing in 4 insert statements and running them

Task 2: Adding code to view the data

The Windows Phone application already has much of the infrastructure needed to retrieve the data from the database. In this task we will add the necessary C# and XAML code to retrieve and display the data.

  1. Open the file HubPage.xaml.cs. You will add code to connect to the database. Add the code below that will allow you to retrieve the list of records from the ViewStatus table.

    image_0

    Retrieving data from the ViewStatus table

  2. At the top of the file add the following using statements.

    image_1

    Adding using statements

  3. You will now perform the actual lookup of the database records. You will modify the NavigationHelper_LoadState() method. Add the code as seen below.

    image_3

    Adding code to perform the lookup

  4. You will now add a collection the source, which will act as a container for the database records. The list you control that you will add in the next step will reference this collection as the source.

    image_3b

    Adding a collection source

  5. You will now modify the HubPage.xaml markup code. You will be adding a list view control to display the records. The complete code provided at the end of this post.

    image_4

    Adding code to HubPage.xaml

  6. We will now run projects that you can test the database records getting retrieved. Run the project.

    image_5

    Running the project

  7. You can now see that the records were successfully retrieved. You can also see that the sample toast message also worked.

    image_7

    Viewing the correct results.

Summary

This quick walkthrough demonstrated some key concepts:

  • How to create a universal project that is designed to share code between Windows store applications and Windows phone applications

  • How to implement push notifications that result in toast messages appearing on the device

  • How to work with databases to add tables, columns, and data.

  • How to add code to the Windows phone application enabling you to retrieve records and display them in a list view control.


Code Listings

HubPage.xaml
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<Page
  x:Class="UniversalPushNotif.HubPage"
  xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
  xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
  xmlns:local="using:UniversalPushNotif"
  xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008"
  xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006"
  DataContext="{Binding DefaultViewModel, RelativeSource={RelativeSource Self}}"
  d:DataContext="{Binding Source={d:DesignData Source=../UniversalPushNotif.Shared/DataModel/SampleData.json, Type=data:SampleDataSource}}"
  xmlns:data="using:UniversalPushNotif.Data"
  mc:Ignorable="d">
  <Page.Resources>
    <ResourceDictionary>
      <ResourceDictionary.ThemeDictionaries>
        <ResourceDictionary x:Key="Default">
          <ImageBrush
            x:Key="HubBackgroundImageBrush"
            ImageSource="Assets/HubBackground.png"/>
        </ResourceDictionary>
        <ResourceDictionary x:Key="HighContrast">
          <ImageBrush
            x:Key="HubBackgroundImageBrush"
            ImageSource="{x:Null}"/>
        </ResourceDictionary>
      </ResourceDictionary.ThemeDictionaries>
      <!--Grid-appropriate item template as seen in section 2 -->
      <DataTemplate x:Key="Standard200x180TileItemTemplate">
        <Grid Width="180">
          <Grid.RowDefinitions>
            <RowDefinition Height="Auto"/>
            <RowDefinition Height="Auto"/>
          </Grid.RowDefinitions>
          <Border
            Background="{ThemeResource ListViewItemPlaceholderBackgroundThemeBrush}"
            Height="173"
            Width="173"
            Grid.Row="0"
            HorizontalAlignment="Left">
            <Image
              Source="{Binding ImagePath}"
              Stretch="UniformToFill"
              AutomationProperties.Name="{Binding Title}"
              Height="173"
              Width="173"/>
          </Border>
          <TextBlock
            Text="{Binding Title}"
            Style="{ThemeResource BaseTextBlockStyle}"
            Typography.Capitals="SmallCaps"
            Grid.Row="1"
            Margin="0,12,0,0"
            IsTextScaleFactorEnabled="False"/>
        </Grid>
      </DataTemplate>
      <DataTemplate x:Key="StandardTripleLineItemTemplate">
        <Grid>
          <Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
            <ColumnDefinition Width="Auto"/>
            <ColumnDefinition Width="*"/>
          </Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
          <Border
            Background="{ThemeResource ListViewItemPlaceholderBackgroundThemeBrush}"
            Height="99"
            Width="99"
            Grid.Column="0"
            HorizontalAlignment="Left">
            <Image
              Source="{Binding ImagePath}"
              Stretch="UniformToFill"
              AutomationProperties.Name="{Binding Title}"
              Height="99"
              Width="99"/>
          </Border>
          <StackPanel
            Grid.Column="1"
            Margin="12,0,0,0">
            <TextBlock
              Text="{Binding Title}"
              Style="{ThemeResource ListViewItemTextBlockStyle}"/>
            <TextBlock
              Text="{Binding Subtitle}"
              Style="{ThemeResource ListViewItemSubheaderTextBlockStyle}"/>
            <TextBlock
              Text="{Binding Description}"
              Style="{ThemeResource ListViewItemContentTextBlockStyle}"/>
          </StackPanel>
        </Grid>
      </DataTemplate>
      <DataTemplate x:Key="StandardDoubleLineItemTemplate">
        <Grid>
          <Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
            <ColumnDefinition Width="Auto"/>
            <ColumnDefinition Width="*"/>
          </Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
          <Border
            Background="{ThemeResource ListViewItemPlaceholderBackgroundThemeBrush}"
            Height="99"
            Width="99"
            Grid.Column="0"
            HorizontalAlignment="Left">
            <Image
              Source="{Binding ImagePath}"
              Stretch="UniformToFill"
              AutomationProperties.Name="{Binding Title}"
              Height="99"
              Width="99"/>
          </Border>
          <StackPanel
            Grid.Column="1"
            Margin="12,0,0,0">
            <TextBlock
              Text="{Binding Title}"
              Style="{ThemeResource ListViewItemTextBlockStyle}"/>
            <TextBlock
              Text="{Binding Subtitle}"
              Style="{ThemeResource ListViewItemContentTextBlockStyle}"/>
          </StackPanel>
        </Grid>
      </DataTemplate>
      <CollectionViewSource
        x:Name="viewStatusCollection"
        Source="{Binding Items}"/>
    </ResourceDictionary>
  </Page.Resources>
  <Grid x:Name="LayoutRoot">
    <Hub
      x:Name="Hub"
      x:Uid="Hub"
      Header="application name"
      Background="{ThemeResource HubBackgroundImageBrush}">
      <HubSection
        x:Uid="HubSection1"
        Header="SECTION 1">
        <DataTemplate>
          <ListView
            x:Name="ListView2"
            Margin="0,0,0,4"
            Width="520"
            Height="405"
            Background="#FF1D1D1D"
            ShowsScrollingPlaceholders="False"
            BorderThickness="0"
            VerticalAlignment="Stretch"
            HorizontalAlignment="Left"
            ScrollViewer.HorizontalScrollBarVisibility="Disabled"
            ItemsSource="{Binding Source={StaticResource viewStatusCollection}}"
            FontFamily="Global User Interface">
            <ListView.ItemsPanel>
              <ItemsPanelTemplate>
                <VirtualizingStackPanel VerticalAlignment="Top"/>
              </ItemsPanelTemplate>
            </ListView.ItemsPanel>
            <ListView.ItemContainerTransitions>
              <TransitionCollection>
                <EntranceThemeTransition/>
              </TransitionCollection>
            </ListView.ItemContainerTransitions>
            <ListView.ItemTemplate>
              <DataTemplate>
                <StackPanel
                  HorizontalAlignment="Left"
                  Orientation="Horizontal"
                  Background="#FF1D1D1D"
                  Margin="5,5,5,5">
                  <Grid
                    VerticalAlignment="Center"
                    Background="#FF1D1D1D">
                    <StackPanel
                      Orientation="Vertical"
                      VerticalAlignment="Center">
                      <TextBlock
                        Text="{Binding StatusText}"
                        FontSize="14.667"
                        FontFamily="Segoe UI"
                        Margin="5,0,0,0"/>
                    </StackPanel>
                  </Grid>
                </StackPanel>
              </DataTemplate>
            </ListView.ItemTemplate>
          </ListView>
        </DataTemplate>
      </HubSection>
      <HubSection
        x:Uid="HubSection2"
        Header="SECTION 2"
        Width="Auto"
        DataContext="{Binding Groups[0]}">
        <DataTemplate>
          <GridView
            ItemsSource="{Binding Items}"
            AutomationProperties.AutomationId="ItemGridView"
            AutomationProperties.Name="Items In Group"
            ItemTemplate="{StaticResource Standard200x180TileItemTemplate}"
            SelectionMode="None"
            IsItemClickEnabled="True"
            ItemClick="ItemView_ItemClick"
            ContinuumNavigationTransitionInfo.ExitElementContainer="True">
            <GridView.ItemsPanel>
              <ItemsPanelTemplate>
                <ItemsWrapGrid/>
              </ItemsPanelTemplate>
            </GridView.ItemsPanel>
          </GridView>
        </DataTemplate>
      </HubSection>
      <HubSection
        x:Uid="HubSection3"
        Header="SECTION 3"
        DataContext="{Binding Groups[1]}">
        <DataTemplate>
          <ListView
            AutomationProperties.AutomationId="ItemListViewSection3"
            AutomationProperties.Name="Items In Group"
            SelectionMode="None"
            IsItemClickEnabled="True"
            ItemsSource="{Binding Items}"
            ItemTemplate="{StaticResource StandardTripleLineItemTemplate}"
            ItemClick="ItemView_ItemClick"
            ContinuumNavigationTransitionInfo.ExitElementContainer="True">
          </ListView>
        </DataTemplate>
      </HubSection>
      <HubSection
        x:Uid="HubSection4"
        Header="SECTION 4"
        DataContext="{Binding Groups[2]}">
        <DataTemplate>
          <ListView
            AutomationProperties.AutomationId="ItemListViewSection4"
            AutomationProperties.Name="Items In Group"
            SelectionMode="None"
            IsItemClickEnabled="True"
            ItemsSource="{Binding Items}"
            ItemClick="ItemView_ItemClick"
            ContinuumNavigationTransitionInfo.ExitElementContainer="True">
            <ListView.ItemTemplate>
              <DataTemplate>
                <StackPanel>
                  <TextBlock
                    Text="{Binding Title}"
                    Style="{ThemeResource ListViewItemTextBlockStyle}"/>
                  <TextBlock
                    Text="{Binding Subtitle}"
                    Style="{ThemeResource ListViewItemContentTextBlockStyle}"/>
                </StackPanel>
              </DataTemplate>
            </ListView.ItemTemplate>
          </ListView>
        </DataTemplate>
      </HubSection>
      <HubSection
        x:Uid="HubSection5"
        Header="SECTION 5"
        DataContext="{Binding Groups[3]}">
        <DataTemplate>
          <ListView
            AutomationProperties.AutomationId="ItemListViewSection5"
            AutomationProperties.Name="Items In Group"
            SelectionMode="None"
            IsItemClickEnabled="True"
            ItemsSource="{Binding Items}"
            ItemTemplate="{StaticResource StandardDoubleLineItemTemplate}"
            ItemClick="ItemView_ItemClick"
            ContinuumNavigationTransitionInfo.ExitElementContainer="True">
          </ListView>
        </DataTemplate>
      </HubSection>
    </Hub>
  </Grid>
</Page>



HubPage.xaml.cs
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using UniversalPushNotif.Common;
using UniversalPushNotif.Data;

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.IO;
using System.Linq;
using System.Runtime.InteropServices.WindowsRuntime;
using Windows.ApplicationModel.Resources;
using Windows.Foundation;
using Windows.Foundation.Collections;
using Windows.Graphics.Display;
using Windows.UI.Core;
using Windows.UI.ViewManagement;
using Windows.UI.Xaml;
using Windows.UI.Xaml.Controls;
using Windows.UI.Xaml.Controls.Primitives;
using Windows.UI.Xaml.Data;
using Windows.UI.Xaml.Input;
using Windows.UI.Xaml.Media;
using Windows.UI.Xaml.Media.Imaging;
using Windows.UI.Xaml.Navigation;


using Microsoft.WindowsAzure.MobileServices;
using Newtonsoft.Json;

// The Universal Hub Application project template is documented at http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkID=391955

namespace UniversalPushNotif
{
    ///
    /// A page that displays a grouped collection of items.
    ///
    public sealed partial class HubPage : Page
    {
        private readonly NavigationHelper navigationHelper;
        private readonly ObservableDictionary defaultViewModel = new ObservableDictionary();
        private readonly ResourceLoader resourceLoader = ResourceLoader.GetForCurrentView("Resources");

        // Add this code
        // An asynchronous data source that can wrap the results of a Mobile Services query
        // in a way that's easily consumed by Xaml collection controls like ListView,
        // GridView or ListBox.
        private MobileServiceCollection<ViewStatus, ViewStatus> viewStatusList;

        // Get a list of records from the ViewStatus table
        private IMobileServiceTable<ViewStatus> tableViewStatus =
            App.universal_push_notifClient.GetTable<ViewStatus>();

        public HubPage()
        {
            this.InitializeComponent();


            // Hub is only supported in Portrait orientation
            DisplayInformation.AutoRotationPreferences = DisplayOrientations.Portrait;

            this.NavigationCacheMode = NavigationCacheMode.Required;

            this.navigationHelper = new NavigationHelper(this);
            this.navigationHelper.LoadState += this.NavigationHelper_LoadState;
            this.navigationHelper.SaveState += this.NavigationHelper_SaveState;
        }

        ///
        /// Gets the <>"NavigationHelper"/> associated with this <>"Page"/>.
        ///
        public NavigationHelper NavigationHelper
        {
            get { return this.navigationHelper; }
        }

        ///
        /// Gets the view model for this <>"Page"/>.
        /// This can be changed to a strongly typed view model.
        ///
        public ObservableDictionary DefaultViewModel
        {
            get { return this.defaultViewModel; }
        }

        ///
        /// Populates the page with content passed during navigation.  Any saved state is also
        /// provided when recreating a page from a prior session.
        ///
        /// <>"sender">
        /// The source of the event; typically <>"NavigationHelper"/>
        ///
        /// <>"e">Event data that provides both the navigation parameter passed to
        /// <>"Frame.Navigate(Type, object)"/> when this page was initially requested and
        /// a dictionary of state preserved by this page during an earlier
        /// session.  The state will be null the first time a page is visited.
        private async void NavigationHelper_LoadState(object sender, LoadStateEventArgs e)
        {
            // TODO: Create an appropriate data model for your problem domain to replace the sample data
            var sampleDataGroups = await SampleDataSource.GetGroupsAsync();
            this.DefaultViewModel["Groups"] = sampleDataGroups;

            viewStatusList = await tableViewStatus.ToCollectionAsync();
            viewStatusCollection.Source = viewStatusList;

        }

        ///
        /// Preserves state associated with this page in case the application is suspended or the
        /// page is discarded from the navigation cache.  Values must conform to the serialization
        /// requirements of <>"SuspensionManager.SessionState"/>.
        ///
        /// <>"sender">The source of the event; typically <>"NavigationHelper"/>
        /// <>"e">Event data that provides an empty dictionary to be populated with
        /// serializable state.
        private void NavigationHelper_SaveState(object sender, SaveStateEventArgs e)
        {
            // TODO: Save the unique state of the page here.
        }

        ///
        /// Shows the details of a clicked group in the <>"SectionPage"/>.
        ///
        /// <>"sender">The source of the click event.
        /// <>"e">Details about the click event.
        private void GroupSection_ItemClick(object sender, ItemClickEventArgs e)
        {
            var groupId = ((SampleDataGroup)e.ClickedItem).UniqueId;
            if (!Frame.Navigate(typeof(SectionPage), groupId))
            {
                throw new Exception(this.resourceLoader.GetString("NavigationFailedExceptionMessage"));
            }
        }

        ///
        /// Shows the details of an item clicked on in the <>"ItemPage"/>
        ///
        /// <>"sender">The source of the click event.
        /// <>"e">Defaults about the click event.
        private void ItemView_ItemClick(object sender, ItemClickEventArgs e)
        {
            var itemId = ((SampleDataItem)e.ClickedItem).UniqueId;
            if (!Frame.Navigate(typeof(ItemPage), itemId))
            {
                throw new Exception(this.resourceLoader.GetString("NavigationFailedExceptionMessage"));
            }
        }

        #region NavigationHelper registration

        ///
        /// The methods provided in this section are simply used to allow
        /// NavigationHelper to respond to the page's navigation methods.
        ///
        /// Page specific logic should be placed in event handlers for the
        /// <>"NavigationHelper.LoadState"/>
        /// and <>"NavigationHelper.SaveState"/>.
        /// The navigation parameter is available in the LoadState method
        /// in addition to page state preserved during an earlier session.
        ///
        ///
        /// <>"e">Event data that describes how this page was reached.
        protected override void OnNavigatedTo(NavigationEventArgs e)
        {
            this.navigationHelper.OnNavigatedTo(e);
        }

        protected override void OnNavigatedFrom(NavigationEventArgs e)
        {
            this.navigationHelper.OnNavigatedFrom(e);
        }

        #endregion
    }
}

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